Enables parallel development and simplifies maintenance by dividing systems into interchangeable components.

Stakeholders with power but less engagement; keep satisfied and informed.

Specify all components, interfaces, and implementation details.

used in the web development domain. It consists of three sequential phases. First, a basic prototype with all the existing pages is presented in the HTML format. Then the data processing is simulated using a prototype services layer.

Ensures the system can handle increasing demand and adapt to growth without major redesigns.

As perceived by the customer (internal/end user). For e.g. erratic operation, poor appearance, noise, impaired functions, deterioration etc.

reduction in post-deployment failures using enhanced verification: simulations, SIL/HIL, prototype testing, and formal methods

Every cause/mechanism must be listed concisely E.g. of Failure Causes are inadequate design, incorrect material, inaccurate life assumption, poor environmental protection, over stressing, insufficient lubrication etc. E.g. of Failure Mecha

Facilitates scenario testing and prediction of system behavior. Supports risk assessment and optimization of design alternatives.

Form high-level concepts, architecture, and key functions.

Also called as Software Development Process. A a framework defining tasks performed at each step in the software development process.

Assess risks by severity and likelihood to focus on the most critical threats.