The belief that only the fittest survive in human political and economic struggle. Supports the concept that stronger groups have the right to rule and control weaker groups.

British entrepreneur and politician involved in the expansion of the British Empire from South Africa into Central Africa. The colonies of Southern Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe) and Northern Rhodesia (now Zambia) were named after him.

Were constructed by European colonial powers during the Berlin conference in 1884 and drawn arbitrarily, grouping many unrelated, often hostile, groups within the same country and separating groups who were related. These careless borders h

An area where a foreign nation controlled economic developments such as trade, railroad construction, and mining.

A poem written by Rudyard Kipling that promoted the idea that many European countries had a duty to spread their religion and culture to those less civilized.

Sudden wave of conquests in Africa by European powers in the 1880s and 1890s.

Revolt in China, aimed at ending foreign influence in the country. A reaction to European and Japanese imperialism.

(1904-1905) War between Russia and Japan over imperial possessions. Japan emerges victorious.

Revolt of Indian soldiers against the British East India Co.

A meeting organized by Otto von Bismarck at which representatives of European nations agreed upon rules for the European colonization of Africa.

War between Great Britain and China began with the Qing dynasty's refusal to allow continued opium importation into China; British victory resulted in the Treaty of Nanking, opening the door for other western powers to stake claims in China

Japan's imperialistic war against China to gain control of natural resources and markets for their goods. It ended with the Treaty of Portsmouth which granted Japan Chinese port city trading rights, control of Manchuria, the annexation of t