Tasks should provide structure to guide learners.

a rubric used for fast scoring

Favoring certain groups of students because of their culture, background knowledge, beliefs, or personal circumstances, rather than their language ability.

the test looks appropriate and fair to students and teachers

it gives consistent results across time, tasks, and raters.

assessment tasks resemble real-world language use.

A rubric that breaks writing into separate categories (e.g., content, organization, language, mechanics), each with its own score.

The variety of vocabulary and grammar structures a student uses appropriately in writing.

When a test item does not match the level, skills, or learning objectives it is supposed to assess.

it measures what it is supposed to measure.

The degree of agreement between different raters.

The degree of consistency when the same rater scores the same text at different times.