He adapted classical Roman poetic forms, brought order and balance to English poetry, and pioneered satirical comedy.
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15
Who became king of England after Elizabeth I died without an heir?
James VI of Scotland became King James I of England.
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Poets like Herrick and Lovelace, who called themselves the โSons of Ben.โ
Ben Jonson & The Alchemist
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What were the two opposing sides in the English Civil War?
The Cavaliers (kingโs followers) and the Puritans (supporters of Parliament).
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Who led the Parliamentary army to victory during the Civil War?
Oliver Cromwel
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How does Jonson portray Puritans in The Alchemist?
As hypocritical and money-hungry, denying them sympathy because of their theatre-opposing attitudes.
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What form of government was established after Charles I was executed in 1649?
A commonwealth (or Republic)
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Who were the metaphysical poets, and what characterized their work?
John Donne and his followers; their poetry was complex, intellectual, and full of extended metaphors.
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What was the dominant form of literature in Elizabethโs time and early seventeenth century?
Poetry
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What inspired Milton during his European travels, particularly in Italy?
His meeting with Galileo, which later appeared in Paradise Lost and his writings on press freedom.
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Why is the seventeenth century considered a century of transition into the modern world?
Because the Civil Wars broke old traditions, and religious controversies ended much of the medieval imagination, pushing England toward modern political and cul
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What position did Milton hold under Cromwellโs government?
He was Latin Secretary, translating government documents into and from Latin.
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What makes The Alchemist one of Jonsonโs most celebrated works?
Its clever plot structure, vivid satire of human folly, and successful blending of classical unity with modern London settings.