The Biochemistry of Macromolecules and Nutrition | Baamboozle - Baamboozle

What is the difference between essential amino acids and nonessential amino acids?

Your body can synthesize (or construct) nonessential amino acids. Essential amino acids must be obtained from your food.

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In proteins, what is the difference between primary and secondary structure?

If you just chemically bond single amino acids together, you get primary structure. When hydrogen bonds are added, you get secondary structure.

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This chemical is a simple sugar which is an important energy source in living organisms and is a component of many carbohydrates. What is it?

Glucose

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In terms of their chemistry, what do potatoes and wood have in common? How are they different?

Both potatoes and wood are made of carbohydrates called polysaccharides. Potatoes are made of starch. Wood is made of cellulose.

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A long chain of amino acids chemically bonded together is called a ____________.

polypeptide.

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Are these two molecules considered to be isomers?

Yes. Glucose and Fructose have the exact same number of C,H and O atoms. They are just arranged differently to produce different shapes.

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What is this chemical? What kind of polymer can be made with it?

This is the basic structure of an amino acid. Your body makes proteins from monomers known as amino acids.

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The small, repeating unit of a carbohydrate is called a ____________.

monosaccharide

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This highly branched polysaccharide allows animals to store excess glucose in their liver. What is it?

Glycogen

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In the picture and two different types of chemicals. Can you name and describe them?

The top chemical is a saturated fatty acid. The bottom chemical is an unsaturated fatty acid.

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Which is better for your health? The steak or the vegetables?

Both are healthy to eat. However, it is the AMOUNT that you eat, which might make steak a bit less healthy due to the fat composition and content.

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Can you describe four functions of proteins?

1) Enzymes that speed up chemical reactions 2) Antibodies for your immune system 3) Structure (muscles) 4) Transportation (hemoglobin)

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What is this molecule? Is it healthy or unhealthy for you to eat?

This is cholesterol. Your body needs it to make cell membranes and other essential structures. It is only unhealthy in EXCESS amounts.

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