Plan, limit, be explicit, check

directed reading thinking activity - guides students in asking questions about a text, making predictions, and then reading to confirm their predictions

what Ss already KNOW, what they WANT to know, and what they have LEARNT

survey, question, read, recite, review

prewriting, writing, revising, editing, proofreading

pre-teaching, contextualization, activating schemata, authentic texts, strategies, BU&TD techniques

listening to a model, provided by the teacher, or a tape or another student, and repeating what is heard

Instead of drilling the whole of a long word, phrase or sentence from the beginning, start at the end.

timelines, pictures, comparisons, opposites, flowcharts

meaning, word class, pronunciation, collocations, spelling, word grammar

process oriented guided inquiry learning – group roles: manager/facilitator, recorder, spokesperson/presenter, reflector/strategy analyst

be clear, as complete as possible, unambigous, check