The rate at which blood flows through the kidneys to be filtered. 1 liter/min
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20
What organ sits on top of each kidney? (not part of the urinary system)
the adrenal gland
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15
Interstitial fluid in the medulla is 1200mOsm/kg which is 4 times normal interstitial fluid and the interstitial fluid in the cortex, Why?
It has a high concentration of urea, to passively draw water out of the descending loop of Henle, and then into the vasa recta(blood vessels)
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20
Starting with the kidneys, name the 4 parts of the urinary tract.
kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra
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15
What is the buffer system in the blood?
Proteins - amino acids, amino part is the base, acid part is the.....acid
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20
What are the two parts of the Phosphate buffer system?Where is it found?
dihydrogen phosphate (H2PO4-)(weak acid) and monohydrogen phosphate (HPO42-)(weak base) It is found in the cells
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15
What might cause urine to become more alkaline, and why?
vomiting, because you are losing acid, causing the kidney to secrete a lot of H+ ions back into the blood
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15
What is tubular maximum?
The maximum rate of reabsorption by active transport through the nephron tubules. (glucose and sodium)
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What does retroperitoneal mean?
behind the parietal peritoneum.
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25
Name 7 functions of the urinary system.
1.urine formation2.pH control3.blood pressure regulation 4. red blood cell formation5.vitamin D activation 6. transport of urine7.storage and release of urine
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15
What is the buffer system found inside the cells and the nephron tubules?
The phosphate buffer system - dihydrogen phosphate, H2PO4 and monohydrogen phosphate, HPO4
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15
Why does the kidney tightly control the reabsorption of water?
The water balance in the body, for homeostasis is has a narrow range
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15
What part of the nephron is not permeable to water?
