Explain why the burning of fossil fuels is problematic
fossil fuels took 100s of millions of years to form but we are burning them in 100s of years, they produce CO2 which is causing the enhanced greenhouse effect
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20
State two advantages of renewables for generating electricy
sustainable, clean
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15
Name two types of non-renewable energy resources
fossil fuels (coal, oil, gas) and nuclear (uranium fuel)
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Why are fossil fuels problematic?
they cause environmental problems at every stage- from mining, to transportation to use
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20
State three types of renewable energy that involve water
hydroelectric, wave, tidal energy, geothermal
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20
Suggest why has the transition to renewables from fossil fuels been so slow? (give 2 reasons)
have used them for a long time, easy to use, infrastructure already in place, cheap!
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15
Name two types of fuels that come from biomass
biofuels, wood, bioethanol (made from fermentation of corn)
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20
Describe three disadvantages of hydroelectric dams
large dams are expensive to build, the best places to build dams tend to be far from where people live, destroys forests and wildlife habitat, forced migration
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15
state two differences between the formation of coal and oil
coal is formed from plants in swampy areas, oil is formed from marine plants and animals
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15
Describe how hydroelectric power is produced
fast-running water drives turbines which power generators that produce electricity
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20
What physical conditions are necessary to build an hydroelectric power plant?
fast-flowing water, high rainfall (best if uniform throughout the year), a narrow, deep-sided valley suitable to building a dam, or a natural water store (lake)
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15
State one reason fossil fuels are important
the are the main source of energy around the world, they are very energy dense fuels
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20
How do solar panels work?
absorb sunlight and generate heat- this can be used to heat water or make electricity through photovoltaic cells